His courtesy name is Zhongli, but because of his nature of lenience and magnanimous, people of his time called him “Kuan”, which means wide. According to Chinese art history, he was born at the end of Five Dynasties, and still alive during Tianren years of the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song (1023~1031). His works include “Shuangxi Tu” (《双喜图》, Double Happiness), “Hanque Tu” (《寒雀图》, Sparrow in Cold Days), and “Zhu’ou Tu”(《竹鸥图》, Bamboo and Gull), etc.įan Kuan is known to be one of the leading figures in the Northern Song Landscape tradition and one of the most appreciated landscape artists in traditional China. He broke the court tradition created by Huang Quan and his son in the early period of Song dynasty, who had founded the standard to paint flower and bird in a luxuary way, and originated a new style in the Imperial Art Academy. Cui Bai was good at flower-and-bird painting, as well as Buddhism mural painting. Appreciated by Shenzong, he became a Yixue (艺学, a title in the Imperial Art Academy, lower than painter-in-attendance) and later panter-in-attendance in the Imperial Art Academy. Cui Bai was active during the reign of the Emperor Shenzong of Song. His tomb is 35 miles away from Shaoxing county in Zhejiang province.Ĭhinese painter in the Northern Song dynasty. Nine years later he died in captivity at the age of 54. In 1127, Huizong, his son Emperor Qinzong, as well as the entire imperial court and harem were captured by the Jin in the Jingkang Incident. When Jin Dynasty declared war on Song in 1126, Huizong lost it and had to escape. He was an accomplished painter, calligrapher and art supporter. During his reign, Huizong devoted himself into art more than into governing the empire. After the death of Zhezong, Huizong’s mother made him the eighth emperor of Song Dynasty (r. The brother of the Emperor Zhezong of Song. The eleventh son of the Emperor Shenzong of Song. Thus the afterworld gave him the name of Poet-Historian and the Poet-Sage.Įmperor of Northern Song Dynasty. He also possesses a remarkable power of description, with which he vividly presents human affairs and natural scenery. Of his poetic writing, nearly fifteen hundred poems written by Du Fu have been handed down over the ages, most of which expressed a sincere and broad concern for humanity. Initially little known, his works came to be hugely influential in both Chinese and Japanese culture. His life, like the whole country, was devastated by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755, and the last 15 years of his life were a time of almost constant unrest. He only served in some low-level position, such as the military adviser in a regional governor's headquarters and concurrently assistant secretary in the Board of Works (Gong Bu). Du Fu’s own greatest ambition was to help his country by becoming a successful civil servant, but he proved unable to make the necessary accommodations. His courtesy name was Zi Mei, and he called himself “Shao Ling countryside aged”, “Du Shao Ling”, “Du Gong Bu”, etc. Around 4th century, with the popularization of paper, the status of bamboo slips was eventually replaced.ĭu Fu was a prominent Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty. Bamboo slip was invented in Western Zhou, and was widely accepted during Spring and Autumn Period and Warring Period. Wooden tablet was often used for short essays. These rolls were the earliest form of Chinese books. Upon the finish, the slips were bound by strings and rolled up for storage. The writing tools of bamboo slip were Chinese brush and ink, and only one line of text can be handwritten on each slip. Slit used to be the general name, but now it’s often called bamboo slip. It’s called slip if it’s made from bamboo, and called tablet if it’s made from wood. Tablets or slips made from bamboo (or wood) for writing in ancient China. Where not otherwise indicated, the Chinese papers used for prints and paintings in the exhibition are on a variety of xuan paper. They are fine, soft, resistant to insect damage, and their pure white color lasts long to retard absorption of the ink, they may be treated with alum. After maceration, the fibers are treated with lime, exposed to sunlight, bleached, and washed with starch. The bark of Pteroceltis tatarinowii and straw are the main raw materials for producing Xuan paper. It was first produced in Xuanzhou (now the Jing County of East China's, Anhui Province), hence the name of Xuan paper. Name of a kind of rice paper made in China.
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